Engine-starting apparatus



April 3, 1928. 1,664,847

J. BIJUR ENGINE STARTING APPARATUS Filed Fabi, '1917 s sheets-sheet 1 INVENTOR lApril 3, 192s. 1,664,847

J. BIJUR ENGINE STARTING APPARATUS Filed Feb. l, 1917 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 lApril`3, 1928. 1,664,847

J. BIJUR l A ENGINE STARTING APPARATU Filed Feb; 1. 1917 `s sheets-sheets i Patented Apr.' 3,1928. i UNITED S'Iv'ATfESy 1,654,847 i :PATENToEFlcE.

JOSEPH BIJUR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TEOLIPBI MACHINE COMPANY, OF vNEW YORK, N. Y., A COBPOIQATION OF NEWYORK.

ENGINE-STARTING APPARATUS.

Application filed February 1, 1917. Serial No. 145,889.

`This invention relates to starting a paratus, and with regard to themori` speci e features thereof, to means for start-ing internalcombustion engines. O ne` of the objects of the invention is to providepractical reliable and compact means for starting a source of power.

Another object is to provide mea-ns of the above type ot' simple,durable and Vrelatively inexpensive construction eculiarly adapted foruse in connect-ion witii internal combustion engines.

above type which shall be convenient in con* trofl and whose action isautomatic.

Another object is to provide eicient means ot' the above typewhichwilleieet proper application of the starting power to tion.

Another object is to provide reliable vmeans for avoiding any unintendedengagement between theengine and the starting apparatus.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed outhereinafter.

v.The invention aecordinglyconsists in the features of construction,combinations of elements and arrangement of .parts which will beexemplified in the construction hereinat'ter setforth, Aand the sco )eof the a pliation of which will be in icated in t le following claims.

In the accompanying drawings wherein are shown one or more of variouspossible invention, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal view artly in section ofthe'outboardform o one embodimentof mv invention, the pinion be- Y ingishown out of engagement with the fly wheel.

Fig.'2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing/thev teeth of the'gears inbutting relation and the mechanism biased to relieve this condition.

Fig. 3 is aview similar Ato Fig. A'1 showing'A the gears in full mesh,and with a. modified form of Vend-stop arrangement.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3,'with the'gears out of mesh.' Fig. is a transverse sectionalview taken on theline 5\"5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6- is a view similar toFig. lof the inboard form cfa-modifiedembodiment of my invention, Fig. 7 is a' transverse sec# tional viewofthe device.- taken on the' lines 7-17 of Figs. 1, 3 and 6, and Fig. 8 isa frag Another object is to provide means of the' the engine under allconditionsl of opera-j embodiments of the several features of thislperiphery of the ange.Y 'The degree of oom- ,mentary' View showing amodified end-Stop arrangement.

.' Similar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout thediierent views 0f 00 the drawings.

- supported at its free end by bearing 3. The 0l shaft has screw threads4 extendin for a portion of its length and an unthrea ed portion 5 onwhich the driving gear or pinion 6 is mounted, said pinion which may betermed the driving member being adapted to mesh 'l0 with the eneinemember which is here a iiyvwheel gear l, as vwill appear below.Co-operating with the screw threads 4 and with pinion 6 is a combinedpinion shiftin and torque transmitting mechanism: 8 whic will now bedescribed in detail. This mechanism consists of a nut 9 (which may betermed the control member) .threaded on the shaft and having anoutstanding flange 10, the r' t face of which is in contact with preferal a leather washer 11, thus formin a.c1utc 10-11, the element 1-1 ofwhich 1s secured by rivets 12 to ametal annulus 13 h ving preferably alplurality of `1ugs.14 extendlgl at an angle thereto, fittingin slots 15,form between longitudinal rejections 27, inthe end of barrel 16, so t attorque may be effectivelytransmitted from nut 9 t0 barrell by way of theclutch 10-11.

A coil/spring 17 is disposed between the annulus 13 and flange 18 whichlatter is threaded .on pinion 6, and prevented from coming oli by usetting around the inner pression of ring 17 will obviously aliect thetorque of c utch 10-11. This spring, as shown in the drawing, surroundsshaft 2 and is in turn surrounded by lbarrel 16. The barrel 16 has aninturned Hange 19 at the inner edge of which -lange are teeth 20 fittingbetween teeth 21 of pinion 6, so that the pmion'may be rotated by thebarrel.

A metal annulus 22, embracing nut 9. is maintained in relatively securecontact with the left side of flange 10, by sprin washer 39, which ispressed thcreagainst y sleeve 38 surrounding the nut and retained totransmit pressure through the washerto annulus 22, by locking ring' 24held in a groove in the nut.` Sleeve '38 has an outwardly extendingflange 60, which limitsthe outward movement of reversely Aflanged ring61, the

intu'rned flange y62 of which slidably eni-- braces sleeve 38, and theoutturned ange 63 of which acts to retain coil s ring 64 againstpreferably the outer perip ery of washer 39, the main ortion of the ringactin to prevent undesirable distortion of the spring. End-stop 65adjacent the motor lhas a peripheral longitudinally l extending vflange66 against which outturncd flange 63 of ring 61 is adapted to impingewhen unit 8 reaches the end of its travel, compressing spring 64 to takeup the shock of such inipingeinent as shown in Fig. 1 and as will be fuly described below, together with other functions of this arrangement. The disk 22 has projections 23 preferably' turned at right angles fittingin slots 15 in a manner similar to the yprojections on annulus 13. Bythe c -operation between flange l() and anniilus 2 a clutch 10-22 ofysubstantially constant torque is formed, which clutch -is mechanicallyconnected between nut 9 and barrel 16.

The nut 9 and its co-operating parts above described are maintainedagainst movement out of the barrel 16 by cap rinfr 26, the

flange 40 of which embraces' the outer periphery of'A annulus 22.Longitudinal rejections 27 extend through corresponding slots in the capring 26, and have openings 28 adjacent to the outer surface of the capring, as shown in Fig. 4. A spring `metal` split ring 29 havin smallintefrral lugs 30 on its outer perip ery adaptedv to register withopenings 28, is snapped in place` with the lugs fitting in said openingsto firmly lock the cap ring 26 in position. This ring preferably has itsinner vand outer peripheries'eccentric with respect to each other sothat it is narrow and consequently more yielding at its ydividing point,than elsewhere to facilitate snapping it into place, and widestdiainetrically opposite, this point, to strengthen it where strength ismost needed. v

Threadedion shaft 2 between portions 4 and 5 is a nut 31 firmly securedagainst rotation by pin 32. Between nut 31 and the vends of threads 4,sui-rounding shaft 2 are maintained preferably two dishedY Washers 33,with` their concavities facing eachother, which washers, are preferablymade of ferro silico'manganese and perform the function among others ofcushioning mechanism 8,y`

in its extremeposition. It is obvious that these Washers might be madeof different material but there are peculiar advantages in the use ofthe particular material ernployed.

Between pinion 6 and bearing 3 surrounding shaft 6, there isa relativelyweak coil spring 34 which has a tendency to cause'nut 9 to bind onthreads 4 to some extent for purposes to be describedv below.

In the modified form of end-stop arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the

'washer 66, retained against spring washer 68 by locking ring 67. 'lheunit 8 When it reaches the end of its travel away from the flywheel, iscushioned by the impact vof Washer 66 with spring 35, as is more fullydescribed below, together lwith other functions of this arrangement.

The modified form of the invention shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7 is theinboard'forinof 'a clutchless embodiment and differs from the forniabove described chiefly in the omission of clutches 10--11 and 10-22 andin other respects necessitated by said omission.' In Fig. 6corresponding parts bear the saine reference numerals as in Figs.'1 and2, except that such numerals are primed. It is unnecessary to fullydescribe all elements of this construction and reference will inerelyb'e made to the features wherein it differs from the other embodiment.lThe nut 9 is directly connected with the barrel 16 by any desired meanspreferably by the co'- operationoflugs integral with the nut and slotsin the barrel. Abutting shoulder 40A formed between a portion 5 and areduced vuntlireadedportion continuous with threaded portion 4 of shaft2 and surrounding the shaft, there is an annular stop piece 31 andbetween this stop piece and a locking ring 37 fitting in aVcorresponding groove at the end of the threaded portion 4', are locateda number of washers 33 similar to 'those described above in connectionwith the other embodiment of the invention. Inthis particular case, sixwashers are shown arother. It is obvious that a different number anddifferent arrangement of such washers might be used to advantagefbutthis particular arrangement is of especial utility.

In this embodiment of the invention as in Figs. 1y and 2, the coilspring 64 is carried by the lmechanism 8. This spring siii'-roundstheportion 56""of'nut 9", is in `abutting relation to facel'roflthe nut at one of its ends, and presses against ring 61' at theother end. The ring 61 is in slidable rel'ation with respect to saidnut, and is limited against movement off the nutby stop ring 24 securedpreferably in a groove in nut 9', spring 64 tending to hold ring. 61against stop ring 24. .The end stop 65 which is preferablyscrew-threaded and pinned to the shaft, has. a peripheral longitudinalflange 66 extending substantially parallel to the. shaft and surroundingend-stop 24', to posilado tively limit the movement of ring 6l lie;fdre'"tliis operation. nut 9 is moved comparatively the nutin itsmovement away from the fiywheel has reached the end of its path therebycausing coinlii'ession of spring Get with consequent effective' takingup the shock of impactv and performance ot other functions similar tothose ot corresponding parts in Figs. 1 and 2. -As is obvious, the forniof ieversely flanged ring 6l shown in. Figs. 1 and vl2 might be usedeffectively in this je'nibodiment, and the plane ring 61 might be usedtov good eti'ect vin lthe embodiment of Figs. 1y and'Q, but there areparticular advantages to the specific arrangements shown and described.Y

In Fig. 6. it is to benoted that the bore of the nut- '9" is shownunthreaded at 67' for a small distaneefrom the side adjacent thedisl'ied washers 33 and said bore isV of a diameter large enough toenable this end to telescope over that portion of the shaft bearingsaiddislied washers, thereby compressing them as will be more fullydescribed below. f v, .Y

In Fig. 8, Iliave shown a modified .form of end-stop arrangement whichmay be used to advantageparticularly iu the fornrof apparatus shown. inFig. 6. In this forni one endof the coilspring 76 maintained ,within anannular depression 77 in end stop 78l which end stop 'is secured in anydesired manner as by threading and pinning to the shaft 79. The nut 70has an annular depression 71Wliich forms an effect-ive seat for theother endof spring 76, whereby the-moving parts are' cushioned by thecompression of the spring wlienthe nut approaches end stop78. In thisforni the nut 70 is .unthreaded for a s mall distance as inFig. 6 andfor the same-purpose ,as in said figure.

Normal operations-Referring to .the embodiment of the invention .shownin. Figs. '-1 to 5 and 7 and having special reference to Fig. 1, whenl'the starting switch is closed and the motor and its extended shaft 2are y set in rotatio'in'tlie nut: 9 Will travel longi tii'dinally alongthe shaft, because of the friction due to spring 64.- and ring 61andvadjoining parts and because ofv the inertia of the nut and its attachedparts, which. will `both tend to prevent the nut from rotating.

In Figs. 3 and 4 it is the friction of spring 35 againstfwasher 66A andthe inertia of the nut and itsV attached parts which will tend toprevent the nut from rotating. Nut 9 will thus travel substantiallylongitudinallyalong the shaft carrying with it the entire combinedshifting and'torque transmitting mechanism 8, and in particular pushingpinion G'through spring 17. When the teeth of the" pinion are properlyaligned with the spaces between teeth ot the gear l7, pinion 6 4will bethus pushed into full mesh with gear 7, this action y.as clearly shownin Fig. 3, causing a compression of springv 34. During rapid y until itis yieldingly arrestedl byA dished washers 33. which happenssubstantially simultaneously with the full meshingr of the gears. As theshock due to impact of annulus 13 against lished` washers 33 isgradually absorbed, the clutch 10-11, as is obvious. will begraduallytightened until it' is strong enough to transmit torque fromthe screw shaft through the nut,'the clutch, the barrel 16 and thepinion 6 to Start the engine.

After the engine is started -it drives the l pinion ata speed greaterthan that at which the .motor drives it. This engine given torque istransmitted from pinion teeth 21'to teeth 20 of barrel .16, the clutch10-11 and nut 9 causing the nut'to overriui the turn- -ing shaft 2whereby the nut will have a longitudinal component of movement towards'the motor and will' carry with it its attaclied`-paits,; flange 19offbarrel 16 c0 operating with flange 1S of the pinion, causing thelatter, to move out of meshwith the flywheel gear v7 Vuntil, havingreference to strikes ',tlangeV 66. whereby the movement of ring 611svarrested and the nut continues its motion causing sleeve 38 to slidewithin the ring 61 and spring 64'to be compressed, relieving the shockof impact of the nut against stop Inpthe stop arrangement shown; in.Figs. and 4, mechanism 8 strikes spring 35, which cushions the impact ofmovement. n Y

In the two forms of end stop just deting 'of teeth between `the 'gearswhen the enf gine is started at low speed. Its operation toperformjtliis function is,vas follows:v If the enginei isA startedrelativel slowly, theniit 9 will overrun the threat ed portion 4' of theshaft ata .lowr speed, and itis clear, that if` spring 34,-or acorresponding ele-Y ment is not employed, the inertia of movement of theunit v8 dueto the engine gear 7 'A will rapidly bespent and if at suchtime the starting pedal isf stilldep1essed,the nut 9 will again be'urged towards vthe fly-wheel and chattering between the teeth of pinion6 and the rapidly moving teeth of gear 7 will ythe form' shown in Figs.1 and'fQ, liange 63 nio occuij causing objectionableA noise and 'damageto; tlie teeth of,'thefmeclianisnnV By the insertion'of the spring `34inthe mansure is transmitted through the pinion 6,

` spring 17 and the nut 9 causing the'la'tter to bind somewhat on` thethreaded part 4 of the shaft. make nut 9 Aturn together with thev screwshaft-and thus -any tendenc of'unit 8 to move towards 'fiywlieel 7 ,nater the engine is running, is eii'ectively overcome, eliminating allchattering'and damage tothe teeth.

Opewllz'on to en orc@ 'meshing-If, 1when the starting switchis closed,the teet-h of the pinion 6 and iy-wheel gear 7 should meet end to end.proper meshing is enforced in a manner to be now described. Assumingthel parts in the position shown in- Fig. 1, er: cept that theteeth ofthe gearsare in butting relation. clutch 10-11 is at 'its feeblest,

spring 17 still being in its leastcon'ipressed T position. It'additional means were not provided to obviate this, nut 9 wouldsometimes be constrained to turn with the shaft, in

which event its axialmovement would not continue, whereby pinion 6 `andgear 7 would remain in batting relation, clutch 10.-,11

would slip and therefore no effective operation of the startingappliance would take place. To overcome this the substantially .constanttorque clutch 10-22 now comes into operation. Pinion 6 being restrainedagainst both longitudinal and rotational movement, clutching member 22which is non-rotationally connectedl therewith through barrel 16 brakesnut 9 by its `-clutching action against iiange 10, thus preventingrotation of this nut whereby the nut will continue traveling towards theily-wheel partially but never entirely compressing spring 17, as-

shown in Fig. 2, and thereby tightening clutch 10-11, finally causingnut 9 to bind onthe screw threads 4 with such force that torque istransmitted from the screw shaft through nut 9 clutches 10-11 and 10-22acting vin parallel, barrel 16 and teeth 21 to turn the pinion 6. Theinstant the teeth are turned into proper alignment compressed spring 17will expand to rapidly urge the pinion'into fullmesh with the fly-wheelgear' as shown in' Fig. lafter which normal operation takes place.

" In case` the. butting engagement between the gears becomes so firmthat spring V17 alone does not `sufficiently tighten clutch 10-11 tocause it to transmit the torque necessary to move 'the pinion, the nut9will i'nove still further towards the fly-wheel until contact betweenannul'us 13 and spring washers 33 is established, after which the springwashers will be compressed thus further tightening clutch 10-11.' Theclutch will now be slifiiciently tight to transmit the,

ytorque necessary to obvate even a severe case of batting.l It the"torque be insiliicent even under these circumstances the spring wash-`ers will flatten entirely under the iniuence IThis binding will tend toAbe taken up by these members. Further de tailed description oftheoperation ofithis embodiment and that of the further modilicat-ionshown-in Fig. 8 yis unnecessary because it is readily4 understood fromthe description of the other embodiment..

Though the embodiment shown iny Figs. 1 to 5 is of the outboard form andthat shown in Figs. 6 a-nd 7 of the inboard, it is obvious that both'embodiments might he executed in either outboard gor inboard forms, butthere are special advantages inherent in the specific mechanisms asshown and described.

It will thus be seen that there is herein described' apparatus inwhichthe several features of. this invention are embodied, and whichapparatus in its action vattains the various objects of the inventiomandis well suited tomeet the requirements of practical use. v

As many changes co'u d be made, in the above construction, and lmanyapparent-ly widely different embodiments of the invention could be madewithout departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all mattercontained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawingsshall be interpreted -as illustrative4 and not in a llimiting' sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I cla-im as'new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: i

1. Adrive forengine starters comprisin a control member mounted forlongitudina and rotary movement, and a -driving 'member adapted tocooperate with and drive a -l member of the engine to `be started andmounted in tandem relationship with'th'e control member, suchdrivingmember beingoperatively. connected therewith whereby saidlongitudinaland rotary movements of the control member are imparted tothe driving member. 4 c.

2. A drive ,for engine starters comprising a. control member mounted forlongitudinal and rotary movement, a driving member adapted to cooperatewith and drive a member of the engine to be started, and a barreloperatively connected with the control member and the drivingpmemb'er.

3. A drive for engine starters comprising a control member mounted forlongitudinal and rotary movement, a 'driving member ianl adapted tocooperate with and drive a member of the engine to be started, and abarrel operatively connected with the control memnection rotarily withthe control member.v

5. A drive for engine starters comprisn a control member -mounted forlongitudine and rotary movement, a driving member adapted to cooperatewith and drive a niember of the engine to be started, and a barreloperatively connected with the control member and the driving member,said barrel having with respect to the driving member a positiveconnection rotarily and a relative movement longitudinally.

6. A drive for engine starters comprising a control member mounted forlongitudinal and rotary movement, a driving member adapted tocooperatewith and drive a menilier of the engine to be started, and abarrel operatively connected with the control member and the drivingmember, said barrel having a yieldable connection rotarily with thecontrol member.

7. A drive for engine starters comprising a control member mounted forlongitudinal 'and rotary movement, a driving member adapted to cooperatewith and drive a mem.

ber of the engine to be started, and a barrel operatively connected withthe control member and the driving member, said barrel having a:friction clutch connection rotarily with the control member.

S. A drive for engine startersv comprising a rotatable shaft. a drivingmember mounted for longitudinal movement thereof and rotary movementtherewith and adapted to cooperate with aiid drive a member of theengine to be started, and a control member mounted upon -such shaftandin tandem relationship with vthe driving member for longitudinalmovement on the shaft and for rotary movement theiewith, and drivingmeans between the driving member and the `-control member.

9. A drivefor engine starters comprising a rotatable shaft, a drivingmember mounted for longitudinal movement thereof and rotary movementtherewith and adapted to cooperate with and drive a member of theenginel to be started, and a control member mounted upon such shaft andin tandem relationship with the driving member for longitudinal movementon the shaft and for rotary movement therewith, and a barreloperatively` connected with the driving member and the control member. i

10. A drive for engine starters comprising a rotatable screw shaft, adriving member mounted for longitudinal movement thereof and rotarymovement therewith and ada ted to cooperate with and drive a member othe engine to be started, a screw member threadedion the shaft forlongitudinal movement thereof and rotary movement therewith and arrangedin tandem relationship with the driving member, and anv operatingconnec` tion between the screw member and the driving member.

' ll. A drive for engine starters comprising a rotatable screw shaft, ascrew member threaded on the shaft, a driving member mounted on theshaft and in tandem relationship with the screw member and operativelyconnected therewith for longitudinal movement on the shaft and forrotary movement therewith, and a. yielding means cooperatingv with-thetwo members for normal y holding them extended.

12. A drive for engine starters comprising a rotatable shaft, a drivingmembermounte for longitudinal movement thereof and rotary movementtherewith and adapted to cooperate with and drive a member of theenengine, a drivin member adapted to cooperate with and rive theothermember but normally out of' cooperation therewith, a shaftl driven bymeans l for said driving member havin threaded engagement with saidshaft, sai

driving member having unthreaded engagement with vsaid shaft.

14. In a starter for das engines and the like, a starting motor lhavinga shaft and separatemembers mounted in tandem relationship, jonecoacting with the engine, the other with vthe shaft, said members beingconnected for transmitting a driving torque. 15. In apparatus of theclass described, 1n combination, an engine driven member, a drivingmember adapted to coo rate therewith, an electric motor, van inclinedmember driven by said motor, separate members arranged in tandem onecoacting with said in clined member and the other with the drivenmember, meansl between said members for transmitting longitudinal'movement from a starting motor, shifting las , with, an electric motorand a control mem' 10 -ing member.

ber external to said motor and in tandem relation with the drivingmember, said control member being rendered operative by the rotarymovement thereof for positively moving said driving member intocooperation with said driven member and means there# upon operative fortransmitting an engine starting torque from said motor to said driv- 17.In apparatus of the class described, in combination, an engine drivenmemb'er'y a driving member adapted to cooperate therewith, meansrendered effective by a starting motor, for moving Asaid driving memberinto cooperation with said driven member, and an element cooperatingwith said driving -member at a point spaced from its' mount to operatethe same, said element being eiectively locled to the rotating partsofsaid motor after coo eration takes place.

18. In apparatus of tiie class deseribedain combination, an enginedriven gear, a driving gear adapted to cooperate therewith, meansrendered effective by a 'starting motor for moving said driving gearinto mesh with said driven gear, and means inoperative be-A fore meshingfor transmitting a driving torque to said driving gear.

19; In apparatus of the class describednin combination, an engine drivengear, a drivinggear adapted ,to cooperate therewith, meansl renderedeiective by a starting motor lfor moving said driving gear into'meshwith said drivenagear, a barrel substantially'concentric with saidmeans, said barrel-,having proiections cooperating with teeth of thedriving gear, and means for connecting said barrel to the armature ofsaid motor in drivingrelation after meshing takes place.

20. In apparatus'of the class described, in combination z anv engine'driven gear, a driving gear adapted toI cooperate therewith, meansrendered eiizective by al starting motor for-moving said driving gearinto'mesh with said driven gear, means inoperative be.

fore meshing for transmitting a drivingv torque to said driving gear,vand springstop means .thereupon operative to effectively connect saidtransmitting means between' saidmotor and said driving gear.r

21. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, `any enginedriven gear,'a driving gear adapted-to cooperate therewith, a motordriven `shaft having a' portion inclined to its axis for effectingvmovement of said driving gear into mesh with said driven rear means forthen transmitting torque motion of the rigid member and connecting itfor operation of the driving gear.

22. A starter for gas engines and the like comprising in combination,anengine driven member, a driving member adapted to co- Aoperate withand drive the other member but normally out ot' cooperation therewith,

`shifting means for said driving member operated by a 4starting motor,said shifting means including a nut, a screw shaft rotating with saidmotor and passing through said mit, a spring between said nut and saiddriving gear, to transmit longitudinal movement of said nut to saiddriving gear to place it in mesh with said driven gear', and

a barrel cooperating with said nut and said driving gear to transmitdriving torque to said member after meshing has taken place. 23.Inapparatus of the class described, in combination, a driven gear, adriving gear,

normall 'out of cooperation"- therewith,

or shifting said driving gear tomeans vwards cooperation' with saiddriven gear,

and means for overcoming the' meeting endto end of teeth on said drivingand driven gearscomprisiiig a torque transmitting element renderedeffective after meeting of the teeth, to cause proper align'iiientthereof, said vshift-ing means automatically storing energybefore saidproper alignment takes place whereby said driving gear is then-V broughtinto fulleffective cooperation with said driven gear.

24. A starter for gas engines and the like comprising incombinationewith a driven gear, operatively connected witlithe engine,

a driving ear adapted to cooperate with and drive tie other member, butnormally ioo out. of cooperation therewith, an electric motor, meansexternal .to said motor and rendered operative by the rota-ry movementthereof for moving said driving gearvinto 'full cooperation with saiddriven gear,

means for obviating the jamming of teeth on the gears, said meansincluding a resil-` ient member, one part-of which acts on said ldriving gear, and means for displacing another part of said resilientmember through a-substantially definite I'ange insuiiicient tocompletely take 'up the yield.

l25. A starter for gas engines and the like comprising in combination-with a driven gear operatively connected with theengine, a driving gearadapted to cooperate with and drive the other member but normally out ofcooperation"` therewith, an ,electric motor, and means renderedeffective by saidV motor for moving said driving gear into -cnperationwith said driven gear, said means g 'including a rigid member and asprin between said rigid member and said driving gear, means for movingsaid rigid member through a definite range, whereby said` said drivinggear including anut havin whereby said yieldable member will store adefinite range of movement along sai shaft and a yiclda'ble memberinterposed between said nut and said driving gear,

I energy should teeth of the gears meet end to end, and means forrelatively moving .the teeth out of end to end relation after suchyieldable member has been energized. 27. In apparatus of the classdescribed,in

combination, an engine starting motor, a screw shaft rotating with saidmotor, an engine driven gear, a driving gear adapted to drive the othergear, but normally out of cooperation therewith, shifting means Vformoving said driving gear into cooperation 'ed to said nut, an

:with said driven gear, said s hiftin'g means 1 including a nutcooperating with said screw- 3U shaft, and a spring connected betweensaid' nut and'said drivin gear.; a barrel connectcooperating withv said'driving gear, to move longitudinally 'with respect thereto," shouldteeth of the ars meet end to end, whereby, when teet so meet said springis compressed and said nutV becomes non-rotatably connected to saidshaft, so that said nut, said barrel and said driving gear are turnedthrough a small angle to bring the gears into proper alignment, topermit said compressed spring to "p move said ldriving gear'into fullmesh with 28.--A starter for said driven gear.

asv engines and the like, comprising in comination with a driven memberoperatively connected with the engine, a driving member adapted tocooperate with and drive. the other member, but

lnormally Vout of coo erationA therewith, a

rotatable driving sha t and lshifting means rendered eective by saidshaft, for moving said driving member into cooperation wit ,said drivenmember, clutch' means between said shaft and said driving member andclutch'means torque.

' "compri'sing 'in combinationfwith a drivenmeans. .for automaticallytighten' c said l for transmitting a riving 29.V starter for gas enginesand the like,

gine, a driving member adapted to cooperate with and drive the othermember but nor-- effective by said shaft for moving said drivmeans formoving said driving member into cooperation withsaid driven member, 'arigid member, a motor-driven member,

having a portion inclined to said rigid member, a clutch member betweensaidaiiotor-V driven member` andsaid driving member, a

stop, said clutch being automatically tight- -cned between'said rigidmember and said stop to transmit a driving torque.

31. A starter for gas engines -and the like comprising in combinationwith a driven gear operatively'connected with the engine, a driving gearadapted to cooperate with and drive the'other member, but normally outof cooperation therewith, shifting means for moving said driving gearinto cooperation with said v'driven gear, driving torque transmittingrmeans including 'a clutch, means for automatically tightening saidclutch when the gears lare inmesh, and additional means to insuretightening of said clutch in case teeth of the ears meet end to' endin.V order to move saiil1 driving gear into proper alignment with saiddriven gear'to permit said-shifting means to complete its function.

32. A starter for gas engines and the like comprising in combinationwith a driven gear operatively comlected with theengine, a driving gearadapted to cooperate with and drive the other member, but normally outof cooperation therewith, a shaft having a portion inclined to its axis,shifting means co-operating with said inclined portion for moving saiddriving gear into cooperationv with said driven gear, saidv shiftingmeans including a coiled spring, and means to insure further movement ofthe shifting means with respect to the shaft should teeth on the gearsmeet end to end, whereby said spring will be compressed, saiddriving'gear will be turned' slightly to bring the teeth in properlvalignment and said spring will then bring the teeth in full mesh, saidshifting means and driving'means being arranged in tandem relationship.

33. A starter for gas engines and the like comprising in combinationwitha driven' gear operatively connected with the engine, a driving gearadapted to cooperate with vand drive the other member, but^normally outof cooperation' therewith, a shaft having a portion inclined to itsaxis, a shifting means cooperating with said inclined portion for movingsaid driving gear into cooperasaid shifting means, and the other withsaid driving gear, whereby, in case teeth of the gears 'meet end to end,said shifting means will he constrained to contl-nue movement along theshaft, and stopping means for limiting its movement, and `for increasingthe strength of said relatively weak clutch.

34. A stal'telfol gas engines and the like comprising in combinationYwith a driven gear operatively connected with the engine, a drivinggear adapted tocooperate with ,and drive the other member, but normallyout'of cooperation therewith, a. screw shaft, a mit cooperating withsaid shaft, a first clutching member connecting said nut with saiddriving gear, said member having a substantially constant torque, alsecond clutching member connecting said nut with said driving gear, aspring between said second clutching member and said driving gear, thestrength of said second clutch varying with the degree of` deformationof said spring.

'35. A starter for gas engines and the like comprising in combinationwith *al driven gear operatively connected with the engine, a` drivinggear adapted to cooperate with and drive the other member, but normallyont. of cooperation therewith, a screw shaft, a nut cooperating withsaid shaft, and having an outstanding flange, two clutchlng members, oneon each side of said flange'fa torque transmitting member, connectingboth clutching members to said driving member, and a spring between .onesaid clutching member and'said driving member.

36. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a ldriven gearconnected to an engine, a driving gear adapted to cooperate with anddrive the driven gear, but normally out 'of cooperation; therewith, amotor, a shaft driven thereby, means connecting said driving gear withsaid shaft, and threaded thereon, and a coil spring surrounding saidshaft, and cooperating with said driving member, to resist its movementinto mesh with said driven member.

3T. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a motor, a geardriven thereby, shifting means for moving said gear into drivingposition. a connection between said shifting means and said motor,comprising a shaft. and cooperating inclined portions on said shaft andsaid shifting l'neans. whereby the shifting means may move axially withrespectto'theshaft,,and means for retaining the shifting means ,in

its position of rest axiallyof the l'ng pllllOll.

prevent accidental rotation of the gear when the shaft is stationary.

38. In appratus of the class described, in con'ibination, a motor, ashaft driven by said motor, al'nember threaded on said shaft, a drivinggear operated through said member and a spring surrounding said shaft,an cooperating with said member, forkfrictionally retaining the v'samein'its position of rest axially of the shaft, to prevent accidentalrotation of said member when the shaft is stationary.

39. In apparatus of the, class described,v in combination, a motor, agear driven thereby, shifting means for moving said gear intodrivingposition, a vconnection between said shifting means and saidmotor, comprising a shaft, and cooperating inclined portions on saidshaft and' on said shifting means, whereby the shifting means may moveaxially 'with respectv to vthe shaft, means frictionally engaging theshifting means and additional means for resisting movement away fromsaid frictional means, to prevent accidental rotation of the gear whenthe shaft is stationary. y

4t). In a starter for gas engines and the like. a combined shiftingv andstarting member. including a driving pinion, a barrel cooperatingtlwrewitl'r to drive the same, a 95 rigid member adapted toronnect saidbarrel to a motor driven e1ement,a spring inter-` posed between saidrigid element and said driving pinion, a ring foranaintaining said rigidmember against said spring, and means 1" for securing saidring to saidbarrel.

4l. In a starter for'gas engines and the like, a combinedshifting andstarting member, including a barrel for cooperation with av drivinggear, a nut within one end of 105 said barrel, said barrel havinglongitudinal projections. a ring for holding said nut within saidbarrel, having openings through which said projections may pass,A and aspring lock cooperating with said projections for keeping the ring inplace.

42. In a starter for gas engines and the like, a nnt having a relativelysmooth snrface, a clutchil'ig element cooperatingtherewith constitutinga clutch, and means for n maintaining `said clutch under` constantpressure, said clutching element being adapted to be non-rotatablyconnected to a driv- 43. In apparatus of the class described, incombination, an engine driven gear, a driving gear adapted, to coopc'ate therewith, and means driven by astartingmotor,` and cooperatingsimultaneously with all the teeth of said drivinggear at a point `spacedfrom its mount.

l44. ln apparatus ofthe class described,

,in combination, an engine driven gear, Idrivmggea-r adapted tocooperate there-g ber cooperating vwith the free end of said with, andmeans driven by a starting motor and slidable between-,teeth ofsaiddriving gear for transmitting a Idriving torque thereto, and yielding`means resisting such sliding movement.

45. In apparatus ofthe class described,in combination, an venginedrivengear, a driving gear adapted to cooperate therewith, and

two clutches acting between a starting motor andsaid driving gear, oneof said clutches having a substantially 'constant torque, and the otheran automatically adjustable torque, responsive to the resistance of theengine to starting, whereby tlie clutches will be rendrivinggear, saidtransmitting means coin- Aprising a casing, surrounding ing saidshifting means. 47. In apparatus of theclass described,l in combination,an engine, a .driven ear, a starting' motor having anvextended iaft, adriving gear mounted on said shaft adapted to cooperate with and drivethe other inemand protectber, but normally out of cooperation there--with, combined shiftin and torque trans-V mitting means on sai shaft,cooperating with'said driving gear, a cushioning member cooperating withthe free' end of said'combinedmeans and a second cushioning mem.

driving gear.

48. In a starter for Agas engines and tHe dike, in' combination, adriven member con- `nected with an engine, a driving unit adapted todrive the same, but normally out o engagement therewith and movable inone direction for-such engagement, and buffer means carried by saiddrivin unit to easethe shock of its impact at t e end of its path ofmovement inthe other direction.

y49. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, 'anlenginedriving unit adapted to start the same, means to. urge i V and adriving gear therefor, of operating said unitl o ut of cooperation withsaid' engine. after it has performed its' function, a buffer springsubstantially' concentric with said unit and carried thereby, a ring inengagement with one lend .of saidspring, and.-

slidable on said unit and stop means for arresting said ring before saidunit is ar 0 atingsaid clutch to drive said-driving gear rested.

`50. In a starter for gas engines and the like, a nut having arelatively smooth surface, a clutching element inv contact therewith, aspring washer against said clutchin element, a sleeve surroundingsaidnut an maintained to transmit pressure through said washer to, saidclutching element, a

` spring.

'end and having a screw cooperating gear, f movable to engage anddisengage,

' comprisin member surrounding said sleeve, a spring between said memberand said clutching element, and rigid stop means fgr limiting themovement of said member away from said 51. A drive for enginefstarterscomprising. a rotatableN shaft, a driving member mounted thereon forboth longitudinal and rotary, movement thereof and rotary linovementtherewith and adapted .tocooperate with and drive a member. of theengine to be started, va control member `mounted on said shaft for lonitudinal and rotary movement thereof and rotary movement therewith,means `for sto ping the said longitudinal movement of t e controlmemberl consisting of a projection on such shaft in the. path ofmovement of the control member, and driving means connecting between thedriving member `and the control member.

. 52. drive for engine starters comprising a 4rotatable driving shaftdriven at one end and having a screw threaded portion at such end, theother portion being plain, a screw member mounted on the screw vsli"`\ft,'a driving 53.,Aldrive for engine s :tartersz-comprising arotatable driving threaded portion.' at

member mountedon'the shaft to 'move longitudinall thereof and rotarilythere- =with and a driving meansy betweenthe two members. f 1 U 9 5shaft driven atjone such end, the other portion being plain, a V

screw member mounted' on'I the screw shaft, a driving member mounted ontheshaftto move longitudinally thereof and rotarrly therewith, and ayielding driving means be.-

vtween' the two members.

54. The combination with a driving shaft having a gear, n

` -said gears being relatively of'means for engaging said gears,friction means f or automatically limiting the power transmitted by oneto the other during the engaging movement-,and means for automaticallyincreasing the .torque capacity of the' friction means in` proportion tothe resistance enl countered by said relatively movable gea-r.,`

and a vdriven shaft having a 10a ioo 55. 'Thecombination with a driven.gear 115 whenever such gear encounters'resistance.

- 56. In combination with a driven gear and a driving gear thereforadapted Vto be brought iii-to drivingengagement with eah other, means:forrotating said driving gear 1 A a clutch, and a clutch control devicewhich actuates the driving gear gro moving into driving engagement withsaid driven gear and which renders said clutch effect-ive to transmitfull driving power to said driving gear.

57. The combination with an engine shaft having a ear thereon of a'startino' motor y E* 7 D transmitting power between said shafts.

58. The combination with anengine shaft having a gear thereon, of'astarting motor ushaft having a gear, said gears being relatively axiallymovable to engage and disengage, means for controlling one of said gearsin its relative movement and having limited rotation on its shaft, and aclutch controlled by said means at the limit of its rotation fortransmitting power between said shafts.

59. In a starting device the combination of, an engine driven memberhaving gear teeth thereon, a driving shaft having screw threads, a` nutcarried on said threads. a vdrum fastened to the said nut and extendingtoward said engine driven member, and a gear wheel guidingly supportedon said 'shaft but operatively connected to said drum for engaging the'engine driven member when the shaft is operated. i: t

60. In a starting device the combination of, an engine driven memberhaving gear lteeth thereon, a driving shaft *having screw threads, a nutcarried 0n said threads, a drum detachably fastenedl to vsaid nut andextending toward the engine driven member, a gear wheel operativelycarrying one end of said drum and having a smooth bore to slide on saidshaft into engagement with the gear on said engine ldriven member whensaid-shaft and nut are set in motion.

end to said nut and having a gear wheel op eratively connected to theother end, means within the cylindrical member for exerting y an initialpressure between said nut and gear wheel for the urpose described; andmeans within the cylindrical member carried by said rotatable member forlimiting the i longitudinal movement of the put.

62. In an engine starter drive including a threaded rotatable member, adriving member mounted thereon for longitudinal movement thereof androtary movement therewith, said driving member consisti'n of a nutadapted to travel on the threade partl of said rotatal'ile memlier, acylindrically shaped member fastened at one end to said nut and having agear wheel operatively connected to the other end. a spring within thecylindrical member adapted to exert initial pressure between said nutand gear wheel; and a second spring within the cylindrical membercarried on said rotatable member adjacent the threaded part serving as astop for said nut as described.

63. A drive for engine starters lcomprising a rotatable screw shaft, ascrew member screw threaded thereon for rotary movement therewith andlongitudinal movement thereof, a pinion surrounding the. shaft and inspaced axial alinement with said member, a driving connection betweenthe member and pinionestablished by the longitudinal movement of themember and a spring serving toabsorb the shock of establishing 'suchconnection, such spring also serving to hold the member and pinion innormal spaced relationship as described.

64. In apparatus of the class described in combination, an engine drivengear, a threaded shaft driven by a starting motor, a driving gearslidably carried on said shaft, a nut carried on the threaded part ofsaid shaft, means consisting of a spring and drum. positioned betweenthe gear and nut for sliding the gear longitudinally into mesh with theengine driven gear, said Aspring also serving to take the shock of suchengage-` Utl ment and to cause partof the starting motor torque to betransmitted to the driving gear. 65. The combination of a rotatablescrew shaft, a driving member, a screw member screw threadedl on theslot and connect-- ed with the driving member through a clutch platecarried on the driving me-mber for rotary movement therewith andlongitudinal movement relative thereto, `and yielding means for' holdingsaid driving and screw members in working relationship.

l66. In. apparatus of the class described, in. combination. an enginedriven gear, a driving gear adapted to cooperate therewith and carryinga clutch device. a driving shaft, means driven by said shaft fortransmitting driving torque through the clutch to the driving gear, aspring and means carried on the driving gear for transmitting the springforce to the clutch device.

67. InA apparatus of the class described, in combination, an enginedriven gear, a driving gear adapted to. cooperate therewith and carryinga clutch device,a driving shaft, means driven by 'said shaft fortransmitting driving torque through the clutch to the driving gear, aspring and means slidable on the drlving gear for transmitting thespring lon l force through the clutch device to the driving gear, saidmeans also serving as a housing for the. clutch device `means rdrivenbvsaid shaft 'and the spring.

adapted-to cooperate with and drive a member of the engine to bestarted, and an operative connection between the control member and the.driving member, said connection being connected positively -rotarilywith the drivin member.

70. drive for engine starters comprising a control member mounted forlongitudinal and rotary movement and a driving member adapted tocooperate wit-l1 and drive a member of the engine to be started, and anoperative connection between the control member and the driving member,said connection being connected positively rotarily withV the drvingmember -and yieldably longitudina y.

71. A drive for engine starters comprisi a control member -mountedforilongitudin androtary movement and a drivi member adapted tocooperate with andy 've a member of the engine tobe started, and aconnection between the control member and the driving member, saidconnection being connected positively rotarily with the driving memberand being connected yieldably rotariL with the control member.

72. drive for engine starters comprising a control member mounted forlongitudinal and rotary movement and a drivin member adapted tocooperate `with and rive a member of the engineto be started, and aconnection between the control membcrand the driving member, saidconnection being connected positively rotarily with the driv- A 1nmember and yieldably longitudinally,

an being connected yieldably rotarily with the control member.

73. A drive for engine starters including a vrota-tabfle driving barrel.an engine driving rvmember` driven by the barrel and mounted for rotarymovement and longitudinal movement into engagement with a member of theengine to be started, and means contained within the barrel for shiftingsuch driving member longitudinally.`

74. A drive for engine starters including rotatable driving barrel, apinion arranged axially of and driven by the barrel and mounted forrotary movement therewith and longitudinal movement thereof intoengagement with a 'member of the engine to be started, andi meanscontained within the bar rel for shifting such pinion longitudinally.

^ 75. A drive for engine starters including a rotatable driving barrel,a pinion 'arranged axially of and driven by the barrel,I

and mounted for rotary movement-therewith and Vlongitudinal movementthereof into engagement with a member of the engine to be started,and'means contained ion longitudinally, such means comprisingfthreaded orating connections adapted to move the vpinion longitudinally intoengagement Iwith' the engine member.

a rotatable driving barrel, anengine driving member driven bythe barreland mounted for-.rotary 'movement and longitudinal movement intoengementwith a member of the engine to 761 A drive forengine startersincludingv within the barrel for shifting such pini,

started, a means contained within the barrel for shifting'such Y dri ndriving shaft, and a nection between the s member longitudinally, arotatable iylieldable driving conaft and barrel.

77. A drive for engine starters including a i rotatable -fdrivingsha-ft, a driving member slidable longitudinally thereon into engagementwith; a member of the engine to bestarted, and means actuated by ltherotation of the shaft for. so sliding the driving member along the shaftinto engagement with the- .e e member. n

8. A drive for engine'starters including a rotatable driving shafthaving a smooth portion, a pinion shdable longitudinally on such smoothportion into engagement with a member o f the engine to be started, andlmeans actuated by the rotation of the shaft for so sliding the pinionalong the shaft into engagement with the engine member.

79. A drive for engine starters including a. rotatable driving shafthavinga smooth portion, a inion slida-ble longitudina'lly on such smootportion into engagement with a member of the engine to be started, andthreaded operating connections for so sliding the pinion along the shaftinto engagement with the engine member.

80. Inen -ne starting a paratus, in 'combination, a s aft, a threadportion thereon, a nut `threadedon said latter portion, a pin-l ionmounted beyond said threaded portion, an integral Bange on said threadedport-ion Erojectmg at right angles to said'shaft, and

ufer means against said flange, adapted to be impinged by said nut assaid pinion is demeshed.

v '81. The combination, in an engine starter, of a motor. a shaft driventherefrom, a'pinion on said shaft, a" nut threaded upon said shaft,means for causing'said pinion to advance with said nut, a frictionv:clutch for transmitting torque from said nut to said inion, means imartin only suicient hold- Aing force to sai cl tc to move' said .pin-

ion -into mesh, meansl effective upon mesh.

for autnmaticnlly increasing said holding force to permit crankingtorque transmisun sion, said clutch being constructed and arranged toslipdur'ing albacktire of the en,

gine.

82. A 'drive for engine starters comprising a driving member adapted tocooperate with and drive a Amember of the engine to be started, acontrol mounted for longitudinal movement and for rotary movement andadapted to cooperate with the drive member, said control land driving.member having relative yielding longitudinalinoveinent, and

a yielding means outside of the line of transmission of torque formaintaining the nor.-

mal relationship of the driving member and its control member.

, 83. A drive for engine starters comprising a driving member adapted tocooperate with and drive a member of the `engine to be started, acontrol mounted for longitudinal movement and for rotary movement andadapted to cooperate with the driving mem-l ber, said control anddriving member having relative yielding longitudinal movement, and aspring outside of the line of transmission of torque for maintaining thenormal relationship of the driving member and its control member. 4

84. A drive for'engine starters 'comprising a driving member adapted toengage and drive a member of the engineto be started, and an actuatingmeans cooperating with the driving member and having longitudinal androtary movements for effecting such engagement and driving.

85. A drive for engine starters comprising an actuating member, adriving member adapted to cooperate With and drive a member of theengine to 'be started, anda barrel operatively connected with theactuating member and the driving member. e

86. A drive for engine starters comprising be an actuating member, a`driving member adapted to cooperate with and drive a member of theengine to be started, a barrel operatively connected With the actuatingmember and the driving member, and a spring contained Within the barrel.and cooperating with said members and tending to maintain their normalrelationship.

87. A drive for engine starters comprising an actuating member, adriving member adapted to cooperate With and drive a inem-l ber of theengine to be started, a barrel operatively connected with the actuatingmember and the driving member, alid a yieldablc driving means located inthc line of transmission of torque between the said members.- 88. Adrive for engine starters comprising an actuating member, a --drivigmemberv adapted to cooperate withgand drive a member of the engine to bestarted, a barrel 'operatively connected with the actuating member andthe driving member, and a friction clutch located in the line oftransmission oftorque between said members.

89. A drive for engine starters comprising a rotatable driving shaft,`and a unit assemblyv adapted to bev applied thereto and'.

adapted to operatively connect the shaft with a member of theengine tobe started, such assembly including driving member and a control -deviceseparately mounted on the shaft and a driving connection between thedriving member and control device, said, coritrol device being operablyconnected with the shaft and said driving member `being dapted tooperably engage the engine memer. i

90. A drive for engine starters comprising a rotatable driving shaft,and a `unit-.as-

sembly adapted to be applied thereto andv adapted to operatively connectthe shaft with a member. of the engine to be started, such assemblyincluding a pinion and nut separately mounted on the shaft', saidnutbeing threaded on such shaft, and a barrel operatively connectingsaid pinion and nut..

91. `A drive for enginestarters comprisingl a rotatable driving shaft, acontrol member mounted upon such shaft for rotary movementtherewith, adriving member mounted on said shaft and in tandem relationship withsaid control member' for longitudinal movement on said shaft and' rotarymovement therewith, and driving means between saidvcontrol member andsaid driving meinr. l 92. A drive for engine starters comprising arotatable driving shaft, a control member.

JOSEPH -BIJ UR.

ioo

ics.

CERTIFICATE 0E coRREcTloN. I

Patent No. 1,664,841. 'y Gramed'Apm 3, 192s, mi

JOSEPH BIJUR. l

it is hereby certified that errorappears in the printed specification ofthe above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 10, line103, claim 65, for the word "slot" read "shaft"; and that the saidLetters Patent shouldbe Y read with this correction therein that tliesame may conform to the record 0f the case in the Patent Office. f

Signed and sealed this 29th day of May, A. D. 1928.

, l 'M '1. more, (Seal) i I W Acting Conlmiesioner of'latents.

